Software testing is the process of evaluating a software system to detect differences between the given input and expected output. It ensures the software is free from defects and functions as intended. Testing is crucial to deliver a high-quality product and avoid costly errors in the future.
Verification ensures the product is being built according to the requirements and design specifications. Validation ensures the product fulfills the intended use and meets the needs of the users.
Types of testing include unit testing (testing individual components), integration testing (testing how modules interact), system testing (testing the whole system), and user acceptance testing (testing by users to validate the system’s functionality).
Functional testing checks the system's functionality (such as the login feature) against the requirements. Aspects including performance, security, usability, and dependability are assessed via non-functional testing.
A test case is a set of conditions under which a tester will determine whether a system under test works correctly. It typically includes test steps, preconditions, inputs, and expected results.
Manual testing is performed by a human tester, whereas automated testing involves the use of scripts and tools to perform tests. Automation is generally used for repetitive tasks and larger test scenarios.
The bug lifecycle consists of various stages that a bug goes through, from being discovered to being fixed and verified. It typically includes New, Assigned, Fixed, Tested, and Closed stages.
A test plan is a document detailing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities. It includes the testing objectives, strategies, resources, schedule, and deliverables.
A good test case includes both positive and negative scenarios, is easy to understand and succinct, has well-defined stages, and yields the desired results.
Performance testing verifies that a program operates efficiently under workloads that are either higher than anticipated or as predicted. It assists in detecting problems with stability, scalability, and speed.
White-box testing entails examining the software's internal architecture, coding, and organization. Black-box testing is a method of testing functionality without accessing internal code.
Before conducting more thorough testing, smoke testing is a first step in ensuring that an application's primary capabilities are operating as intended.
Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing, performed to check whether a particular function or bug fix works as expected after minor changes.
Functional testing verifies that software functions according to requirements (e.g., user login). Non-functional testing checks the non-functional aspects, such as performance, usability, and reliability.
Prioritization is based on the impact of the test case, the criticality of the functionality, and the areas where recent changes were made.
Alpha testing is performed by developers or testers internally before releasing the product. Beta testing is conducted by actual users in a real-world environment before the final release.
Severity refers to the impact of the defect on the system’s functionality, while priority indicates the urgency of fixing the defect.
Common tools include Selenium for automation, JIRA for bug tracking, LoadRunner for performance testing, and QTP (Quick Test Professional) for functional testing.
Test coverage quantifies how often the codebase is tested. It guarantees that most, if not all, of the software's components have been tested, which lowers the possibility of undetected defects.
I would clearly disclose the flaw, include instructions on how to replicate it, and describe how it affects the system. Resolving these kinds of disputes requires effective communication.
