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By: TrendnologiesAdmin
- October 9, 2024
Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers
Top 20 Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers Cybersecurity refers to the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks. These cyberattacks are usually aimed at accessing, changing, or destroying sensitive information, extorting money from users, or interrupting normal business processes. As the world becomes more connected through the internet, cybersecurity has become a critical field for businesses, governments, and individuals. 1. What is Cyber security? Cyber security refers to the protection of internet-connected systems, including hardware, software, and data, from cyberattacks. 2. What is the difference between vulnerability, threat, and risk? A vulnerability is a weakness in a system; a threat is something that can exploit the vulnerability; risk is the potential damage that could result if the vulnerability is exploited. 3. What is a firewall? A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. 4. What are the different types of firewalls? The main types of firewalls are packet-filtering firewalls, stateful inspection firewalls, proxy firewalls, and next-generation firewalls. 5. What is a VPN (Virtual Private Network)? A VPN extends a private network across a public network and enables users to send and receive data as if their devices were directly connected to the private network. 6. What is encryption? Encryption is the process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access. 7. What are symmetric and asymmetric encryption? Symmetric encryption uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt data, whereas asymmetric encryption uses two different keys—a public key and a private key. 8. What is a brute force attack? A brute force attack is a trial-and-error method used to decode encrypted data, such as passwords, by trying many possible combinations. 9. What is a DDoS attack? A Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack overwhelms a target server, service, or network with a flood of internet traffic to disrupt its normal functioning. 10. What is SQL injection? SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits a security vulnerability in a web application’s software by inserting malicious SQL statements into an entry field. 11. What are the common types of cyberattacks? Common types include phishing, malware, ransomware, SQL injection, man-in-the-middle attacks, and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. 12. What is phishing? Phishing is a type of social engineering attack where attackers trick individuals into revealing personal information such as passwords and credit card numbers. 13. What is the CIA triad? The CIA triad stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability, which are the three main objectives of cybersecurity. 14. What is two-factor authentication (2FA)? Two-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security by requiring not only a password but also an additional piece of information, such as a code sent to a mobile device. 15. What is IDS and IPS? IDS (Intrusion Detection System) monitors network traffic for suspicious activity, while IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) monitors and also takes action to prevent potential threats. 16. What is a zero-day vulnerability? A zero-day vulnerability is a flaw in software that is unknown to the vendor and exploited by hackers before it can be patched. 17. What are honeypots? Honeypots are decoy systems used to lure attackers into revealing their methods, providing a way to study cyberattacks. 18.What is social engineering? Social engineering is the psychological manipulation of people into divulging confidential information or performing actions that compromise security. 19. What is penetration testing? Penetration testing, or ethical hacking, involves testing a computer system, network, or web application to find security vulnerabilities before attackers do. 20.What is the difference between penetration testing and vulnerability assessment? Vulnerability assessment identifies potential vulnerabilities, while penetration testing actively exploits vulnerabilities to determine their impact. 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